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Traffic collisions are the largest cause of injury-related deaths worldwide. The costs to society include maintaining roads, land use, road congestion, air pollution, public health, healthcare, and disposing of the vehicle at the end of its life. The costs to the individual include acquiring the vehicle, interest payments (if the car is financed), repairs and maintenance, fuel, depreciation, driving time, parking fees, taxes, and insurance. The transition from fossil fuels to electric cars features prominently in most climate change mitigation scenarios, such as Project Drawdown's 100 actionable solutions for climate change. Electric cars, which were invented early in the history of the car, became commercially available in the 2000s and are predicted to cost less to buy than gasoline cars before 2025. Most cars in use in the early 2020s are propelled by an internal combustion engine, fueled by the combustion of fossil fuels. These include rear-reversing cameras, air conditioning, navigation systems, and in-car entertainment. Over the decades, additional features and controls have been added to vehicles, making them progressively more complex. The car is considered an essential part of the developed economy.Ĭars have controls for driving, parking, passenger comfort, and a variety of lights. In Europe and other parts of the world, demand for automobiles did not increase until after World War II. Cars were rapidly adopted in the US, where they replaced animal-drawn carriages and carts. One of the first cars affordable by the masses was the 1908 Model T, an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company.

Cars became widely available during the 20th century. The year 1886 is regarded as the birth year of the car when German inventor Carl Benz patented his Benz Patent-Motorwagen. Most definitions of cars say that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people instead of goods. Gasoline, electricity, diesel, natural gas, hydrogen, solar, vegetable oilĪ car (or automobile) is a wheeled motor vehicle that is used for transportation. The best chargers support their fastest rates on each port at the same time, with added devices slowing nothing down.Cars and trucks driving on a divided highway, Highway 401 in Ontario, Canada

Combined power output: After testing each individual port, we tested the combined output when each was pushed to the maximum.

Then we repeated that test on each charger’s other ports, confirming that every port behaved as expected and that, combined, they matched the right output. We started with the power load set to 0 amps and then turned it up until it matched the promised amperage, ensuring the voltage stayed between 4.75 volts and 5.25 volts. This setup allowed us to finely control the power flow and determine whether it matched the advertised rate.

Chargers with USB-A ports: We tested the maximum power draw from each port by plugging in a variable power load and an ammeter.

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We used the Total Phase USB Power Delivery Analyzer and its Data Center Software to measure and record this data, including the advertised power profiles, the steady state output, and whether any errors occurred in charging.

Chargers with USB-C ports: USB-C uses digital communication between devices to verify charging speeds in a way that USB-A doesn’t with the right tools, you can interpret exactly what’s going on in the communication between the charger and the device you’ve plugged in.

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USB-A ports with 12-watt or QuickCharge 3.0 output: There’s no reason to choose a charger with USB-A ports slower than 12 watts (5 volts, 2.4 amps), because they’re not much less expensive and they offer slower charging to Apple and Android devices.

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Apple’s MagSafe wireless charger requires 20 watts in order to achieve its full wireless charging speed. But your device will pull only as much power as it’s rated for, so there’s no safety concern about your phone being damaged or overheating when you’re using a more-powerful charger. Phones that support USB Power Delivery (USB PD)-the standard that allows for fast charging over USB-C-generally draw as much as 18 watts, while larger devices can take 45 watts or more.

USB-C ports with 18- to 45-watt output: A USB-C port charges most modern phones faster than a USB-A port does (if you’re using the right cable), and it can even charge tablets and laptops.

It’s almost always a better value to choose a charger with two or more ports, whether those ports be USB-A, USB-C, or a combination of the two.

At least two USB ports: The cost and space savings of a single-port charger aren’t significant enough to justify the limited output.